Ray-tracing wavefront analysis was performed 1 to 3 months postoperatively. The control groups consisted of young and presbyopic phakic patients. Patients with normal and hyperprolate corneas (post-hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis) who underwent cataract surgery from March 2018 to October 2019 at the Medical University of South Carolina were examined and received either a diffractive intraocular lens (IOL) with an echelette design (Tecnis ZXR00 Symfony Johnson & Johnson Vision), a monofocal IOL with negative spherical aberration (Tecnis ZCB00 Johnson & Johnson Vision), or an aberration-free IOL (MX60E Bausch & Lomb). To compare objective measurements of accommodation and pseudoaccommodation in phakic and pseudo-phakic eyes using ray-tracing aberrometry. It is the investigation of choice in the today's era considering patient satisfaction and visual outcomes, postpremium intraocular lens implantations. The system integrates corneal topography with wavefront aberrometry, which has the unique feature of revealing the internal aberrations of the eye by subtracting the corneal aberrations from total aberration. This review will help all the ophthalmologists including residents and fellows learn the principle, features, and clinical applications of iTrace. In this review, our prime focuses on Ray Tracing aberrometer, iTrace. A variety of aberrometers with different principles are available, such as Ray Tracing, Hartmann-Shack, Tscherning, and automatic retinoscopy. Aberrometers are the most vital instruments used for estimating optical aberrations so that a more comprehensive understanding of optical error can be quantified and corrected. The QoV is primarily affected by both higher-and lower-order optical aberration. ![]() Moreover, they are the departure of the performance of an optical system from the predictions of paraxial optics. Optical aberrations are defect in a lens or a mirror prevents light rays from being focused at a single point and results in a distorted or blurred image. Similarly, the quantity of vision is documented by measuring uncorrected and best-corrected distance visual acuities. The QoV is an integration of varied optical and neural factors. The quality of vision (QoV) can be easily assessed by documenting objectively the higher-order aberrations or by using subjective questionnaires available. A combination of both determines the final visual acuity. Their relative intrasession performance in agreement and repeatability varied significantly across different ocular aberration parameters.Visual acuity is the sum of qualitative and quantitative factors. Most of the individual Zernike's components were not exchangeable between different aberrometers. In this study, all three devices provided good-to-excellent agreement for aberration measurements. Significant systematic differences and proportional bias were detected for almost all refraction power vectors and Zernike coefficients among the three devices. Intrasession repeatability for the majority of second- and third-order aberrations was better on the Pentacam AXL Wave than on the iTrace ( p ≤ 0.01) and OPD-Scan III ( p ≤ 0.04), although their agreement and repeatability in spherical aberration were comparable ( p ≥ 0.24). The intrasession agreement and repeatability of RMS HOA were comparable between the three devices both the Pentacam AXL Wave and the OPD-Scan III had better intrasession agreement and repeatability for the RMS total than the iTrace ( p ≤ 0.02). Intrasession agreement and repeatability were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and repeatability coefficients (RCs) interdevice agreement was assessed using the Bland–Altman method. ![]() Wavefront refractions were converted into vector components: M, J 0 and J 45. Wavefront refractions, root mean square of total aberrations (RMS total), RMS of higher-order aberrations (HOA) and second-, third- and fourth-order HOAs were exported for 4-mm pupils. ![]() Three consecutive measurements were obtained using the Pentacam AXL Wave, the iTrace and the OPD-Scan III in 47 eyes of 47 patients. To compare intrasession agreement and repeatability of wavefront aberration measurements from three different aberrometers obtained using Hartmann–Shack, ray tracing and automated retinoscopy methods, as well as their interdevice agreement.
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